EAfrika, iimveliso zeplastiki zingene kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi babantu. Iitafile zeplastiki, ezifana nezitya, iipleyiti, iikomityi, amacephe kunye neefolokhwe, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokutyela zaseAfrika nasemakhaya ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi, ezikhaphukhaphu nezingonakali.Nokuba kusedolophini okanye emaphandleni, iitafile zeplastiki zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Esixekweni, iitafile zeplastiki zibonelela ngokulula kubomi obukhawulezayo; Ezilalini, iingenelo zayo zokuba nzima ukwaphula neendleko eziphantsi zibalasele ngakumbi, yaye iye yaba lukhetho lokuqala kwiintsapho ezininzi.Ukongeza kwitafile, izitulo zeplastiki, iibhakethi zeplastiki, iiPOTS zeplastiki kunye nokunye kunokubonwa kuyo yonke indawo. Ezi mveliso zeplastiki ziye zazisa ukukhululeka okukhulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla yabantu baseAfrika, ukusuka kwisitoreji sasekhaya ukuya emsebenzini wemihla ngemihla, ukusebenza kwabo kubonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo.
INigeria yenye yeemarike eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle kweemveliso zeplastiki zaseTshayina. Ngo-2022, i-China yathumela i-148.51 yebhiliyoni ye-yuan yempahla eNigeria, apho iimveliso zeplastiki zibalelwa kwinani elikhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente waseNigeria uye wanyusa uxanduva lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwiimveliso ezininzi ukuze kukhuselwe amashishini asekuhlaleni, kuquka neemveliso zeplastiki. Olu hlengahlengiso lomgaqo-nkqubo ngokungathandabuzekiyo luzise imingeni emitsha kubathengisi bangaphandle baseTshayina, ukwandisa iindleko zokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokwenza ukhuphiswano kwimarike yaseNigeria ibe namandla ngakumbi.
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, isiseko esikhulu sabemi baseNigeria kunye noqoqosho olukhulayo lukwathetha amandla amakhulu emarike, okoko nje abathumeli bangaphandle banokusabela ngokufanelekileyo kwiinguqu zerhafu, balungise ubume bemveliso kunye nolawulo lweendleko, kusalindeleke ukuba kuphunyezwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwimarike yelizwe.
Ngo-2018, iAlgeria yangenisa i-47.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zeempahla ezivela kwihlabathi liphela, apho i-2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola yayiziiplastiki, ezibalelwa kwi-4.4% yokungeniswa kwayo yonke into, kunye ne-China ingomnye wababoneleli bayo abaphambili.
Nangona imirhumo yokungenisa e-Algeria kwiimveliso zeplastiki iphezulu noko, imfuno yemalike ezinzileyo isatsala amashishini athumela ngaphandle aseTshayina. Oku kufuna ukuba iinkampani zisebenze nzima ekulawuleni iindleko kunye nokwahlulwa kwemveliso, ngokulungiselela iinkqubo zokuvelisa, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokuphuhlisa iimveliso zeplastiki ezineempawu ezahlukileyo kunye noyilo lokujongana noxinzelelo lweerhafu eziphezulu kunye nokugcina isabelo sabo semarike yaseAlgeria.
I "Macro Plastic Pollution Emission Inventory from Local to Global" epapashwe kwijenali enegunya leNdawo ityhila inyaniso ecacileyo: Amazwe aseAfrika ajongene nemingeni enzima ekukhutshweni kongcoliseko lweplastiki.Nangona iAfrika yenza i-7% kuphela yemveliso yeplastiki yehlabathi, ibalasele ngokwemiqathango yokukhutshwa kwe-capita. ukuba ibe yenye yezona zinto zingcolisa iplastiki ezinkulu kwihlabathi kumashumi eminyaka ezayo. Ejongene nale ngxaki, amazwe aseAfrika asabele kwikhwelo lehlabathi lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwaye akhupha ukuvalwa kweplastiki.
Kwangonyaka ka-2004, ilizwe elincinane laseMbindi Afrika laseRwanda likhokele, liba lilizwe lokuqala ehlabathini ukuvala ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki enye, kwaye kwanda ngakumbi izohlwayo ngo-2008, ichaza ukuba ukuthengiswa kweengxowa zeplastiki kuya kujongana nokuvalelwa. ban.Ngokutsho manani Greenpeace kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50 e-Afrika, ngaphezu kwesinye kwisithathu kumazwe kunye nemimandla baye baqalisa ukuvalwa ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki enye-ukusetyenziswa. tableware zeplastiki zemveli kubangele umonakalo omkhulu kokusingqongileyo ngenxa yobunzima bayo ukuthotywa iimpawu, ngoko ke iye yaba kugxininiso lwenkqubo yokuvalwa kweplastiki yeplastiki yeza kulandelwa. Iiplastiki ezonakaliswayo ziyakwazi ukubola zibe zizinto ezingenabungozi ngokusebenzisa isenzo se-microorganisms kwindawo yendalo, enciphisa kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwezinto ezisingqongileyo ezifana nomhlaba kunye namanzi.Kumashishini athumela ngaphandle kweChina, oku kubini ngumngeni kunye nethuba elinqabileyo. Kwelinye icala, amashishini kufuneka atyale imali eninzi kunye namandla obugcisa, uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kweemveliso zeplastiki ezonakeleyo, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo eyandisa iindleko kunye nomgangatho wobugcisa weemveliso; Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, kumashishini okuqala ukuba aphumelele iteknoloji yokuvelisa iiplastiki ezinokonakala kunye neemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, oku kuya kuba lithuba elibalulekileyo kubo lokufumana inzuzo enkulu yokhuphiswano kwimarike yaseAfrika kwaye bavule indawo entsha yemarike.
Ukongeza, iAfrika ikwabonisa izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zangaphakathi kwibala lokuphinda kusetyenziswe iplastiki. Kwakukho abantu abatsha baseTshayina kunye nabahlobo kunye ukunyusa amakhulu amawaka e-yuan yenkunzi yokuqala, waya e-Afrika ukuseka iplanti yeplastiki, ixabiso lemveliso yonyaka ye-yuan ye-30 yezigidi, ibe lelona shishini likhulu kwishishini elifanayo e-Afrika.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-29-2024