Intshayelelo
Ukususela nge-20 ukuya kwi-24 kaFebruwari ngo-2026, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yase-US wenze utshintsho olukhulu. Impembelelo yolu tshintsho lwerhafu kwimarike yeshishini leekhemikhali laseTshayina ibonise umahluko kwisakhiwo, kwaye indlela ephambili yokudlulisela itshintshile ukusuka "kwimpembelelo yorhwebo ngqo" ukuya "ekucinezelweni kwemfuno ephantsi kunye nohlengahlengiso lokuhamba korhwebo lwehlabathi".
I. Inkcazo yeSiganeko
Ukususela nge-20 ukuya kwi-24 kaFebruwari 2026, umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yase-US utshintshe kakhulu: nge-20 kaFebruwari, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-US yagweba ukuba i-10% "yerhafu yokubuyiselana" eyayibekwe ngaphambili ngurhulumente kaTrump phantsi koMthetho weHlabathi weMandla oQoqosho oluNgxamisekileyo (i-IEEPA) yayingekho mthethweni yaza yawurhoxisa; nangona kunjalo, nge-24 kaFebruwari, urhulumente wase-US wabeka ngoko nangoko irhafu yexeshana ye-15% kwiimpahla zehlabathi ngokuhambelana neCandelo 122 loMthetho woRhwebo ka-1974 waza waqalisa uphando olutsha lweCandelo 301. Olu tshintsho luphawulekayo longeze ukungaqiniseki okukhulu kwithemba lorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina ne-US kwaye lwenze indlela yorhwebo lwehlabathi ibe nzima ngakumbi.
II. Impembelelo iyonke
Impembelelo yolu tshintsho lwerhafu kwimarike yeshishini leekhemikhali laseTshayina ibonisa umahluko kwisakhiwo: uninzi lwezixhobo ezisisiseko zekhemikhali azichaphazeleki kangako lutshintsho lwerhafu ngenxa yokuthunyelwa kwazo ngokuthe ngqo eMelika; nangona kunjalo, njengenkampani ethumela impahla engaphantsi komhlaba efana neemveliso zeplastiki kunye nempahla, amashishini anxulumene neTshayina abone inzuzo encitshisiweyo kakhulu kunye nomngcipheko wokulahleka kweodolo, nto leyo edlulisela uxinzelelo lokuncipha kwemfuno kwicandelo lezinto eziluhlaza eziphezulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuhamba korhwebo lwehlabathi kuye kwanyanzeleka ukuba kuhlengahlengiswe, kwaye ezinye iimveliso zijongene nemingeni enokubakho efana nokunyuka kweendleko zokudluliselwa kwamanye amazwe okanye ukungena kwezixhobo zase-US.
III. Impembelelo iyonke kwiShishini leePlastiki kunye neziphumo ezithile kwiMveliso
Ishishini leplastiki liphantsi koxinzelelo ngokubanzi. Iirhafu zisasaza imiphumo emibi ikakhulu ngokunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso kwamanye amazwe kunye nokwandisa ukuhanjiswa okugqithisileyo kwihlabathi liphela, kunye nemiphumo eyahlukileyo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo:
- I-ABS: Impembelelo yexesha elifutshane ilinganiselwe; kwixesha eliphakathi nelide, elichatshazelwa kukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okungaphantsi kunye nemfuno yasekhaya egqithisileyo, imeko yokubonelela ngokugqithisileyo iya kunciphisa amaxabiso;
- PS: Ukungaqiniseki kwerhafu kunokubangela ukwehla kwee-odolo zokuthumela ngaphandle ezisezantsi, nto leyo enokubangela impembelelo kwimfuno yemarike;
- I-EPS: Umthamo wemveliso yasekhaya ugqithisile, kwaye ukukhula okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okunefuthe elincinci ekunciphiseni ukuhanjiswa okugqithisileyo. Amashishini ayekile ukugxila kwimarike yase-United States aze aguqukele kwiimarike ezisakhulayo;
- I-POM: Ichatshazelwa ziinkampani ezithumela ngaphandle eMelika, ijongene nemingcipheko engathanga ngqo yokuncipha kwenzuzo kunye nokunciphisa imfuno;
- I-PC kunye ne-PA66: Umlinganiselo wempahla ethunyelwa e-US uphantsi kakhulu, kwaye uhlengahlengiso lwerhafu alunampembelelo ingako iyonke;
- I-PA6: Uxinzelelo lokuthumela ngaphandle lunyukile, inzuzo yamaxabiso iphelile, imfuno esezantsi inokuncipha, kwaye amashishini kufuneka aphuhlise iimarike ezintsha ukuze akhusele imingcipheko yerhafu;
- I-Polyethylene (PE): Umlinganiselo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US yi-0.13% kuphela, kwaye impembelelo encinci ngqo, kodwa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuhanjiswa okungathanga ngqo kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuthintelweyo kunye nempembelelo yokulungiswa kwakhona kokuhamba korhwebo lwehlabathi;
- I-EVA: Impembelelo ekungenisweni nasekuthunyelweni kwezinto eziluhlaza incinci, kodwa ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso ezisezantsi ezifana nezixhobo zezihlangu kuchaphazeleka ngakumbi; kwixesha eliphakathi nelide, kuya kunciphisa ixabiso le-EVA esetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
IV. Impembelelo iyonke kwiShishini leChlor-Alkali kunye nemiphumo ethile yemveliso
Ishishini le-chlor-alkali alichaphazeleki ngokuthe ngqo, ngaphandle kweglasi edadayo, apho ukuthunyelwa kwayo eMelika kuthintelwe ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yerhafu ephezulu. Impembelelo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo yahlukile:
- I-PVC: Umlinganiselo wezinto ezingeniswayo nezithunyelwayo eMelika uphantsi kakhulu, kwaye ukulungiswa kweerhafu akunampembelelo ingako kuyo;
- I-Caustic Soda: Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US akunamsebenzi; ukulungiswa kweerhafu kunyuse ukuzithemba kwemarike kodwa akunampembelelo ingako;
- I-Soda Ash: Nangona ifumene ukukhululwa kwirhafu, yenza into entle kakhulu, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-US kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye impembelelo entle yokwenyani ilinganiselwe;
- Iglasi: Ukubekwa phambili kweerhafu ezichasene nokulahla inkunkuma kunye neerhafu ezichaseneyo kunye neerhafu zexeshana ezintsha kuye kwayithintela ngokupheleleyo ukukhuphisana kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa eMelika, nto leyo eyonyusa uxinzelelo lokubonelela kubavelisi basekhaya.
V. Isishwankathelo Esipheleleyo
Ukulungiswa komgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yase-United States kunempembelelo encinci neyahlukileyo kwimizi-mveliso yeplastiki kunye ne-chlor-alkali yaseTshayina. Uninzi lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo "azinawo amandla" ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwazo okuncinci kwi-United States, kodwa iingxaki ezifihlakeleyo zexesha eliphakathi nelide ezibangelwa kukuvalwa kokuthunyelwa kwemveliso kwamanye amazwe kunye nokulungiswa kokuhamba korhwebo lwehlabathi azinakubethwa ngoyaba. Kwixesha elizayo, ishishini leplastiki kufuneka lilumkele ukuncitshiswa kwemfuno kunye noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, ishishini le-chlor-alkali kufuneka liqwalasele imeko yeentlobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neglasi, kwaye kuya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba amashishini akhawulezise ukwahlukana koyilo lwemarike kwaye aphephe imiqobo yorhwebo.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-25-2026