ESINGAPORE (ICIS) – Inkampani yaseJapan iTokyo Electric Power Co (TEPCO) iqalise kwakhona imisebenzi yorhwebo kwisikhululo samandla enyukliya saseKashiwazaki-Kariwa (KK) iYunithi 6, umzuzu obalulekileyo nobalulekileyo kwimizamo yokunciphisa imfuno ye-LNG kwicandelo lamandla laseJapan njengoko ilizwe lijongene noxinzelelo lwemfuno entsha kwaye lijonge ukufumana imithombo yesizukulwana esitsha.
I-TEPCO ithe nge-16 ka-Epreli ukuba iqalise kwakhona imisebenzi yorhwebo kwi-1.35GW boiling water reactor emva kokufumana isiqinisekiso sokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kunye neziqinisekiso zokuhlolwa ezivela kwi-NRA yaseJapan's Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA).
Ukuveliswa kwezorhwebo kuqalile kwakhona ngentsimbi yesi-4:00 emva kwemini ngexesha lendawo, nto leyo ephawula iyunithi yokuqala yenyukliya esebenzayo kwindawo ye-KK ukusukela ngo-2012 emva kokuba zonke izityalo zamandla enyukliya kweli lizwe zivaliwe ngokulandelelana emva kwengozi yesityalo senyukliya saseFukushima Daiichi esisebenza ngeTEPCO ngenxa yetsunami enkulu ngoMatshi 2011.
Abathathi-nxaxheba kwiMarike bathi ukuqaliswa kwakhona kweKK Unit 6 - esona sikhulu senyukliya eJapan ukuba zonke iiyunithi ezisixhenxe bezinokufikelela kwi-intanethi, nto leyo ebonakala ingenakwenzeka okwangoku kuba iYunithi 7 kuphela enokwenzeka kunyaka okanye emibini ezayo - kuya kushenxisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kwegesi kwindawo yokubonelela ngeTEPCO, ngakumbi ngexesha legxalaba nehlobo apho imveliso yenyukliya inokusebenza ngamandla aphezulu.
Xa isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, i-KK Unit 6 inokunciphisa ukutsha kwe-LNG xa ithelekiswa nokutshintshwa kwemveliso ye-turbine yegesi edibeneyo, abarhwebi kunye nabahlalutyi baqikelela, nangona ukufuduka kwangempela kuya kuxhomekeka kwiishedyuli zokucima, imfuno yegridi, kunye noqoqosho lokuthunyelwa kobushushu.
Abathengisi abaninzi bathi ukuqalisa kwakhona kunokunciphisa inani leempahla ezisetyenziswa yiJapan ze-LNG ngomthwalo omnye ukuya kwemibini ngenyanga rhoqo ngonyaka, oko kucingelwa ukuba imveliso yenyukliya izinzile.
“Ukuqaliswa kwakhona kwe-KK Unit 6 kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiimfuno zomthwalo wamandla kwi-LNG empuma yeJapan,” utshilo umrhwebi waseJapan. “Oku kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo oluncinci kwiimfuno ze-LNG ezikwindawo ethile, nangona iyunithi enye yodwa isenokungabonakali ngokukhawuleza ekuthengisweni kweendawo ezithile okanye kwimisebenzi yokuthengisa kwakhona.”
Kodwa zizifundo ezifunyenwe kwimiqobo yokulawula, ubunzima bokuqalisa kwakhona i-reactor kunye nesizukulwana esidibeneyo emva kweminyaka ephantse ibe li-14 singasebenzi, nto leyo echaza ibali elibanzi lokuqalisa kwakhona ezinye iiyunithi zenyukliya ezilishumi elinesibhozo ezingasebenziyo kwaye ezinokwenzeka ukuba zibuyele kwinkonzo ephezulu, ingasathethwa ke ngezityalo zenyukliya ezintsha.
“Ukufudukela ekuqaliseni kwakhona nasiphi na isityalo senyukliya eJapan kuthetha iindibano zikawonke-wonke, ukuphononongwa kwemithetho kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwezopolitiko zengingqi okunobuzaza,” utshilo umhlalutyi wamandla eSingapore.
“Sikubonile oko noKK; irhuluneli kwafuneka ithathe isigqibo kwaye idlule kuzo zonke iintlobo zeengcebiso. Kodwa mhlawumbi uthotho lweengxamiseko zamandla ezivela kwitsunami ka-2011, imfazwe yase-Ukraine kwaye ngoku kunye neMbindi Mpuma - imbono yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye noluntu inokuba yinto elungeleleneyo ngakumbi.”
Ngokusebenzisa i-KK, iJapan ngoku inezikhululo zenyukliya ezili-15 ezikwi-intanethi, kwaye ngokuxhomekeke kulondolozo kunye nokusebenza kwe-snafus, iyakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla enyukliya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-33 GW, ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje evela kwi-US Energy Information Administration (EIA).
Ezinye izitishi zamandla enyukliya ezingama-24 zivaliwe ngokusisigxina.
AMANQAKU ALANDELAYO
Imfuno yegesi yaseJapan yingongoma exoxwa ngayo ngemigaqo-nkqubo kwaye inxulumene necandelo layo elikhulu lokuvelisa kwiitreyini zamandla, iziseko zothutho kunye neziseko zamandla - apho imithombo yamafutha evuselelekayo kunye nemithombo engeyiyo yefossil ihlala ithethwa ngokunxulumene namanye amanyathelo okususa icarbonization efana nokubanjwa kunye nokugcinwa kwecarbon (CCS).
Ngexesha lemfazwe yase-Iran, abangenisi bamandla kulo lonke elase-Asia, kuquka neJapan, baguqukela kwizicwangciso zokhuseleko lwamandla ezazibonisa iimpawu ezicacileyo zabathengi be-LNG esele benciphisa ukusetyenziswa, abasebenzisi bokugqibela befuna ukuguquka baye kumalahle nakwinyukliya apho kunokwenzeka kwaye baqaphele imisebenzi yemarike egcina iprimiyamu yomngcipheko wezopolitiko isendaweni.
Ukuqaliswa kwakhona kwenyukliya kukwaphucula iindleko zokuvelisa zeTEPCO, njengoko imveliso yenyukliya ixabisa kancinci kakhulu kunemveliso eqhutywa yi-LNG phantsi kwemilinganiselo yangoku yamaxabiso epetroli nekhabhoni. Abahlalutyi balindele ukuba ukwanda kokufumaneka kwenyukliya kujonge iiyure zokuthunyelwa kwegesi kunye nokusasazeka kwentlantsi empuma yeJapan.
Kubathengisi be-LNG, ukubuya kweeyunithi ezinkulu zenyukliya ezithwala imithwalo emikhulu kuphakamisa inkxalabo malunga nokuguquguquka kwemfuno yexesha elide eJapan, ingakumbi njengoko ukuhlaziywa kwezivumelwano kulawula iingxoxo zokuthenga ngasekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi, umphathi we-LNG uxelele i-ICIS.
"Oku kubonisa ukuba nokuba kungavela imiqobo emininzi - iJapan inganyusa isantya sokuveliswa kwamandla enyukliya ngokunyanzela urhulumente ngamandla kwaye inciphise imfuno ethile."
Kwiminyaka emibini ezayo, imizamo yokuqalisa kwakhona inyukliya yaseJapan inokwenza ukuba iiyunithi ezintathu eziphambili zisebenze: iTomari‑3 (0.91 GW, iHokkaido Electric Power), iTokai Daini (1.16 GW, iJapan Atomic Power Company), kunye ne-Onagawa‑3 (0.83 GW, iTohoku Electric Power).
Nakuphi na ukuqalisa kwakhona okongezelelweyo ngaphaya kwezi kunokwenzeka ukuba kuwele kwixesha lika-2027-28 kwaye kufanele kujongwe njengenzuzo enokubakho kunokuba kube kulindelo olunzima.
Iyunithi 1 yombane yeTohoku Higashidori (1.1 GW) isajongwa yi-NRA, nangona itsunami kunye nohlaziyo olukhulu lwenyikima lusaqhubeka, nangona ikhankanywa njengokuqalisa kwakhona "kwegagasi elilandelayo".
Ngokufanayo, iShimane Unit 3 (1.37 GW Chugoku Electric) igqityiwe ngokobuchwephesha, kodwa umqhubi ubeke phambili ukuqala kwakhona iShimane ‑2 kuqala kwaye imiba yokulandelelana kwi-NRA ithetha ukuba iYunithi 3 ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibe kukuqalisa kwakhona kwesiseko ngaphambi kowama-2027.
Okwangoku, iChubu Electric iwabeke ecaleni amabhongo okuqalisa kwakhona iHamaoka, apho iiYunithi 3–5 (3.6 GW) zingasebenziyo phakathi kovavanyo olunzima emva kokushukuma kweFukushima kunye nokusilela kwemithetho malunga nomngcipheko we-fault-line kunye ne-tsunami, nto leyo eshiya le nkampani ikwicala lomjikelo wokuqalisa kwakhona inyukliya waseJapan.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-21-2026