Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini lorhwebo lwangaphandle lweplastiki laseTshayina libone ukukhula okukhulu, ngakumbi kwimarike yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Lo mmandla, ophawulwa kuqoqosho lwawo olukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwanda kwemizi-mveliso, uye waba yindawo ebalulekileyo kubathengisi beplastiki baseTshayina abathumela ngaphandle. Ukusebenzisana kwezinto zoqoqosho, ezopolitiko, kunye nokusingqongileyo kuye kwayila indlela olu lwalamano lwezorhwebo ngayo, kunika amathuba kunye nemingeni kubachaphazelekayo.
Ukukhula koQoqosho kunye neMfuno yeShishini
Ukukhula koqoqosho eMzantsi-mpuma Asia kube ngumqhubi omkhulu wokwanda kwemfuno yeemveliso zeplastiki. Amazwe afana neVietnam, iThailand, iIndonesia, neMalaysia abone ukwanda kwemisebenzi yokuvelisa, ngakumbi kumacandelo afana ne-elektroniki, iimoto, kunye nokupakisha. La mashishini axhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto zeplastiki, nto leyo edala imakethi eqinileyo yabathengisi baseTshayina. ITshayina, njengomvelisi omkhulu kunye nomthengisi wemveliso yeplastiki kwihlabathi, isebenzise eli mfuno ngokubonelela ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki, kubandakanya i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, kunye ne-PVC.
Izivumelwano zoRhwebo kunye nokuHlanganisa iSithili
Ukusekwa kwezivumelwano zorhwebo kunye namanyathelo okudibanisa imimandla kuye kwaqinisa ngakumbi urhwebo lweplastiki lwaseTshayina noMzantsi-mpuma Asia. I-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), eyaqala ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 2022, idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni iirhafu kunye nokwenza lula iinkqubo zorhwebo phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu, kuquka iTshayina kunye namazwe amaninzi aseMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Esi sivumelwano senze lula urhwebo oluhamba kakuhle nolungabizi kakhulu, nto leyo ephucula ukukhuphisana kweemveliso zeplastiki zaseTshayina kulo mmandla.
Imithetho yokusingqongileyo kunye nozinzo
Nangona imfuno yeemveliso zeplastiki isanda, iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo kunye notshintsho kulawulo ziyayichaphazela indlela ezisebenza ngayo iimarike. Amazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia ayamkela imithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo ukulwa nenkunkuma yeplastiki kunye nongcoliseko. Umzekelo, iThailand ne-Indonesia zisebenzise imigaqo-nkqubo yokunciphisa iiplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphinda kusetyenziswe. Le mithetho ikhuthaze abathengisi baseTshayina ukuba batshintshe ngokubonelela ngeemveliso zeplastiki ezihlala ixesha elide nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Iinkampani zityala imali kwiiplastiki ezibolayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukuze zihambelane neenjongo zokusingqongileyo zommandla kwaye zigcine ubukho bazo kwimarike.
Ukumelana noKunikezelwa kweCandelo loNikezelo kunye nokuHlukana
Ubhubhane we-COVID-19 ugxininise ukubaluleka kokumelana nokuhanjiswa kweenkonzo kunye nokwahlukana kwazo. Indawo ecwangcisiweyo yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia kunye nokukhula kwamandla okuvelisa izinto kuye kwenza ukuba ibe yenye indlela ekhangayo yokwahlukana kweenkonzo. Abathengisi beplastiki baseTshayina bebeseka izibonelelo zemveliso zasekuhlaleni kwaye benza amashishini adibeneyo namaqabane aseMzantsi-mpuma Asia ukunciphisa iingozi nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kweemveliso zeplastiki rhoqo. Le ndlela kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke njengoko iinkampani zifuna ukuphucula ukuqina kwazo kweenkonzo xa kujongwa ukungaqiniseki kwehlabathi.
Imingeni kunye neMbono yeXesha elizayo
Nangona kukho iindlela ezintle, imingeni isekho. Amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza aguqukayo, uxinzelelo lwezopolitiko, kunye nokhuphiswano oluvela kubavelisi basekhaya zezinye zeengxaki abajongene nazo abathengisi beplastiki baseTshayina. Ukongeza, utshintsho oluya ekuzinzeni lufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu kuphando nophuhliso, olunokuphazamisa iinkampani ezincinci.
Xa sijonge phambili, imakethi yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia ikulungele ukuhlala iyindawo ephambili yokuthunyelwa kweplastiki eTshayina. Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwemizi-mveliso kulo mmandla, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo exhasayo kunye nokugxininisa okuqhubekayo ekuzinzeni, kuya kuqhubeka nokukhuthaza imfuno. Abathengisi baseTshayina abanokukwazi ukuhamba ngendlela elawulayo, batyale imali kwiindlela ezizinzileyo, kwaye bazivumelanise neemeko zemarike ezitshintshayo baya kuba kwindawo efanelekileyo yokuphumelela kule marike inamandla nethembisayo.
Ukuqukumbela, imakethi yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia imele indlela ebalulekileyo yokukhula kweshishini lorhwebo lwangaphandle lweplastiki laseTshayina. Ngokusebenzisa amathuba ezoqoqosho, ukunamathela kwimigaqo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kothungelwano lokubonelela, abathengisi beplastiki baseTshayina banokuqhubeka nokwandisa ubukho babo kulo mmandla utshintsha ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-14-2025