Ukungena ngo-2023, ngenxa yemfuno ecothayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, imakethi ye-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) yehlabathi isajongene nokungaqiniseki. Ngexesha elininzi lowama-2022, amaxabiso e-PVC e-Asia nase-United States abonise ukwehla okukhulu kwaye ehla ngaphambi kokungena ngo-2023. Ukungena ngo-2023, phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo, emva kokuba i-China ilungise imigaqo-nkqubo yayo yokuthintela nokulawula ubhubhane, imakethi ilindele ukuphendula; i-United States inokunyusa ngakumbi amazinga enzala ukuze ilwe nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwaye inciphise imfuno ye-PVC yasekhaya e-United States. I-Asia, ekhokelwa yi-China, kunye ne-United States zandise ukuthunyelwa kwe-PVC ngaphandle phakathi kwemfuno ebuthathaka yehlabathi. Ngokuphathelele iYurophu, lo mmandla usaza kujongana nengxaki yamaxabiso aphezulu amandla kunye nokwehla kwamaxabiso, kwaye mhlawumbi akuyi kubakho kubuyiselwa okuzinzileyo kwimida yenzuzo kushishino.
IYurophu ijongene nokwehla koqoqosho
Abathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike balindele ukuba imvakalelo yemarike ye-caustic soda yaseYurophu kunye ne-PVC ngo-2023 ixhomekeke kubunzima bokwehla koqoqosho kunye nempembelelo yalo kwimfuno. Kwicandelo leshishini le-chlor-alkali, inzuzo yabavelisi iqhutywa yimpembelelo yokulinganisela phakathi kwe-caustic soda kunye ne-PVC resin, apho imveliso enye inokubuyisela ilahleko yenye. Ngo-2021, zombini iimveliso ziya kuba zifunwa kakhulu, i-PVC ilawula. Kodwa ngo-2022, imfuno ye-PVC yehla njengoko imveliso ye-chlor-alkali yanyanzeleka ukuba inciphise umthwalo phakathi kwamaxabiso aphezulu e-caustic soda ngenxa yobunzima bezoqoqosho kunye neendleko eziphezulu zamandla. Iingxaki zemveliso yegesi ye-chlorine zikhokelele ekunikezelweni kwe-caustic soda encinci, itsala inani elikhulu lee-odolo zempahla zase-US, ityhala amaxabiso okuthumela ngaphandle e-US kwinqanaba lawo eliphezulu ukusukela ngo-2004. Kwangaxeshanye, amaxabiso e-PVC asezantsi eYurophu ehle kakhulu, kodwa aya kuhlala ephakathi kwawona aphezulu ehlabathini kude kube sekupheleni kuka-2022.
Abathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike balindele ubuthathaka obungakumbi kwiimarike ze-caustic soda kunye ne-PVC zaseYurophu kwisiqingatha sokuqala sowama-2023, njengoko imfuno yabathengi incitshiswa kukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Umrhwebi we-caustic soda uthe ngoNovemba ka-2022: “Amaxabiso aphezulu e-caustic soda abangela ukutshabalaliswa kwemfuno.” Nangona kunjalo, abanye abarhwebi bathi iimarike ze-caustic soda kunye ne-PVC ziya kutshintsha ngo-2023, kwaye abavelisi baseYurophu banokungenelwa ngeli xesha.
Ukuncipha kwemfuno yaseMelika kwandisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe
Ukungena kowama-2023, abavelisi be-chlor-alkali abadibeneyo base-US baza kugcina imithwalo ephezulu yokusebenza kwaye bagcine amaxabiso e-caustic soda aqinileyo, ngelixa amaxabiso e-PVC abuthathaka kunye nemfuno kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke, itsho imithombo yemarike. Ukususela ngoMeyi 2022, ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle le-PVC e-United States lehle phantse ngama-62%, ngelixa ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle le-caustic soda linyuke phantse ngama-32% ukusuka ngoMeyi ukuya kuNovemba 2022, laza laqala ukwehla. Umthamo we-caustic soda wase-US wehle nge-9% ukusukela ngoMatshi 2021, ikakhulu ngenxa yothotho lokungasebenzi e-Olin, ekwaxhasa amaxabiso e-caustic soda aqinileyo. Ukungena kowama-2023, amandla amaxabiso e-caustic soda nawo aya kuba buthathaka, nangona izinga lokwehla lisenokuba lincinci.
IWestlake Chemical, enye yabavelisi base-US be-PVC resin, nayo inciphise umthwalo wayo wemveliso kwaye yandisa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yemfuno ebuthathaka yeplastiki ehlala ixesha elide. Nangona ukwehla kokunyuka kwenzala e-US kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kwemfuno yasekhaya, abathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike bathi ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kuxhomekeke ekubeni imfuno yasekhaya eTshayina iyabuya na.
Gxila ekubuyiselweni kwemfuno enokwenzeka eTshayina
Imarike ye-PVC yase-Asia isenokuphinda ibuyele esiqhelweni ekuqaleni kuka-2023, kodwa imithombo yemarike ithi ukubuyiselwa kwemali kuya kuhlala kuncinci ukuba imfuno yaseTshayina ayibuyeli ngokupheleleyo. Amaxabiso e-PVC e-Asia aza kwehla kakhulu ngo-2022, kunye neekowuteshini ngoDisemba waloo nyaka zifikelele kwinqanaba eliphantsi ukusukela ngoJuni 2020. Loo manqanaba exabiso abonakala ngathi akhuthaze ukuthengwa kweendawo ezithile, ephakamisa ulindelo lokuba ukuhla kwexabiso kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuye kwehla, itsho imithombo yemarike.
Umthombo ukwathe ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2022, ukunikezelwa kwePVC e-Asia ngo-2023 kusenokuhlala kwinqanaba eliphantsi, kwaye izinga lomthwalo wokusebenza liya kuncitshiswa ngenxa yempembelelo yemveliso yokuqhekeka okuphezulu. Imithombo yorhwebo ilindele ukuba ukuhamba kwempahla yePVC evela e-US ukuya e-Asia kunciphe ekuqaleni kuka-2023. Nangona kunjalo, imithombo yase-US ithe ukuba imfuno yaseTshayina iphinda ibuyele umva, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuthunyelwa kwePVC yaseTshayina, oko kunokubangela ukwanda kokuthunyelwa kwempahla e-US.
Ngokwedatha yerhafu yezerhafu, ukuthunyelwa kwePVC eTshayina kufikelele kwirekhodi yeetoni ezingama-278,000 ngo-Epreli 2022. Ukuthunyelwa kwePVC eTshayina kuyancipha kamva ngo-2022, njengoko amaxabiso okuthunyelwa kwePVC eMelika ehla, ngelixa amaxabiso ePVC aseAsia ehla kwaye amaxabiso okuthutha ehla, ngaloo ndlela kubuyisela ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi lwePVC yaseAsia. Ukusukela ngo-Okthobha 2022, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwePVC eTshayina wawuziitoni ezingama-96,600, elona nqanaba liphantsi ukusukela ngo-Agasti 2021. Eminye imithombo yemarike yaseAsia ithe imfuno yaseTshayina iya kuphinda inyuke ngo-2023 njengoko ilizwe lilungisa amanyathelo alo okulwa nobhubhane. Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zemveliso, izinga lokusebenza kwefektri zePVC zaseTshayina lehle ukusuka kwi-70% ukuya kwi-56% ekupheleni kuka-2022.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Februwari-14-2023