Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimveliso ze-PE ziqhubekile nokuhambela phambili kwindlela yokwanda ngesantya esiphezulu. Nangona ukungeniswa kwe-PE kusabalulekile, ngokonyuka kancinci kwamandla emveliso yasekhaya, izinga lokungeniswa kwe-PE liye labonisa ukuthambekela kokukhula unyaka nonyaka. Ngokwezibalo zikaJinlianchuang, ukusukela ngo-2023, amandla emveliso ye-PE yasekhaya afikelele kwiitoni ezingama-30.91 ezigidi, kunye nomthamo wemveliso omalunga neetoni ezingama-27.3 ezigidi; Kulindeleke ukuba kusaza kubakho iitoni ezingama-3.45 ezigidi zamandla emveliso aqaliswe ukusebenza ngo-2024, uninzi lwazo lugxile kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka. Kulindeleke ukuba amandla emveliso ye-PE abe ziitoni ezingama-34.36 ezigidi kwaye imveliso iya kuba malunga neetoni ezingama-29 ezigidi ngo-2024.
Ukususela ngo-2013 ukuya ku-2024, amashishini emveliso ye-polyethylene ahlulwe kakhulu ngamanqanaba amathathu. Phakathi kwawo, ukususela ngo-2013 ukuya ku-2019, ikakhulu linqanaba lotyalo-mali lwamalahle kwiinkampani ze-olefin, kunye nokwanda komndilili wemveliso yonyaka malunga neetoni ezingama-950000 ngonyaka; Ixesha ukususela ngo-2020 ukuya ku-2023 linqanaba lemveliso eliphakathi leshishini elikhulu lokucocwa kunye neekhemikhali, apho umndilili wemveliso yonyaka eTshayina unyuke kakhulu, ufikelela kwiitoni ezizigidi ezingama-2.68 ngonyaka; Kulindeleke ukuba iitoni ezizigidi ezingama-3.45 zamandla emveliso zisaza kusetyenziswa ngo-2024, kunye nesantya sokukhula se-11.16% xa kuthelekiswa no-2023.
Ukungeniswa kwe-PE kubonakalise umkhwa wokwehla unyaka nonyaka. Ukusukela ngo-2020, ngenxa yokwanda okunzulu kokucoca okukhulu, amandla okuthuthwa kwamazwe ngamazwe ebenciphile ngenxa yeziganeko zempilo yoluntu kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye amazinga okuthuthwa kolwandle anyuke kakhulu. Phantsi kwempembelelo yabaqhubi bamaxabiso, umthamo wokungeniswa kwe-polyethylene yasekhaya unciphe kakhulu ukusukela ngo-2021. Ukususela ngo-2022 ukuya ku-2023, amandla emveliso yaseTshayina ayaqhubeka nokukhula, kwaye ifestile yokudibanisa phakathi kweemarike zasekhaya nezangaphandle isaqhubeka kunzima ukuyivula. Umthamo wokungeniswa kwe-PE yamazwe ngamazwe unciphile xa kuthelekiswa no-2021, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba umthamo wokungeniswa kwe-PE yasekhaya ube yi-12.09 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2024. Ngokusekelwe kwiindleko kunye nephethini yokuhamba kwemfuno yokubonelela ngeenkonzo kwihlabathi liphela, umthamo wokungeniswa kwe-PE yasekhaya kwixesha elizayo okanye yasekhaya uya kuqhubeka uncipha.
Ngokuphathelele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngenxa yemveliso eqokelelweyo yeeyunithi ezinkulu ze-hydrocarbon zokucocwa kunye nokukhanya kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amandla emveliso kunye nemveliso zinyuke ngokukhawuleza. Iiyunithi ezintsha zineshedyuli yemveliso engaphezulu, kwaye uxinzelelo lokuthengisa lunyukile emva kokuba iiyunithi ziqalisiwe ukusebenza. Ukuqina kokhuphiswano lwamaxabiso aphantsi lwasekhaya kukhokelele kumonakalo wenzuzo phantsi kokhuphiswano lwamaxabiso aphantsi, kwaye umahluko wexabiso eliguquliweyo phakathi kweemarike zangaphakathi nezangaphandle kwenze kwaba nzima kubathengi besiphelo ukwamkela ubungakanani obunjalo bokunyuka kobonelelo ngexesha elifutshane. Emva kowama-2020, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle we-PE ukuya eTshayina ubonakalise umkhwa wokwanda unyaka nonyaka.
Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhulayo lokhuphiswano lwasekhaya unyaka nonyaka, umkhwa wokufuna indlela yokuthumela ngaphandle i-polyethylene awunakutshintshwa. Ngokuphathelele ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, iMbindi Mpuma, i-United States kunye nezinye iindawo zisenenani elikhulu lezixhobo ezingabizi kakhulu, kwaye ziyaqhubeka nokubona iTshayina njengeyona marike inkulu ekujoliswe kuyo yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Ngokunyuka kwamandla emveliso yasekhaya, ukuxhomekeka kwangaphandle kwe-polyethylene kuya kwehla kuye kuma-34% ngo-2023. Nangona kunjalo, malunga nama-60% eemveliso ze-PE eziphezulu zisaxhomekeke ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe. Nangona kusekho ulindelo lokwehla kokuxhomekeka kwangaphandle ngokutyala imali kwamandla emveliso yasekhaya, umsantsa wemfuno yeemveliso eziphezulu awunakuzaliswa kwixesha elifutshane.
Ngokuphathelele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngokunyuka kancinci kokhuphiswano lwasekhaya kunye nokudluliselwa kwamanye amashishini okuvelisa asekhaya akumgangatho ophantsi ukuya eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, imfuno yangaphandle nayo ibe yindlela yokuhlola ukuthengisa kwamashishini okuvelisa kunye nabanye abarhwebi kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Kwixesha elizayo, kuya kuvelisa ukuqhelaniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kwandise ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuya eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, eAfrika, naseMzantsi Melika. Kwicala langaphakathi, ukuphunyezwa okuqhubekayo kweBelt and Road kunye nokuvulwa kwamazibuko orhwebo aseSino Russian kudale ithuba lokwanda kwemfuno ye-polyethylene kwimimandla yaseMntla-ntshona Asia eseMbindini kunye neMpuma-mpuma yeRashiya ekude.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-06-2024